Oscillograph



Jan. '24, 1928. 7 1,657,292

H. M. WILLIAMSON OSCILLOGRAPH Filed Dec. 31. 1925 2 -Sheets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR.

i I. 0 5- .fl'enry 777. &74,'ZZ4'/am.s'on.

' BY a, M.

TTORNEYS.

Jan. 24, 1928.

H. M. WILLIAMSON OSCILLOGRAPH Filed Dec. 31. 1925 2 Sheets- Sheet 2 Patented'jan, 24, was.

HENRY MERLE WILLIAMSON, 01 OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

OSCILLOGRAPH.

Application filed December 31, 1925. Serial No. 78,705.

This invention relatesto an Y-ray oscillograph which is an improvement on the conventional cathode-ray oscillograph.

An object of this invention is to make a permanent record of an electrical wave having any frequency particularly of waves of high frequency such as the harmonics of the voice.

I Other objects will appear in the specificam tion.

V This invention is characterized by the use of an anti-cathode incorporated in the conventional cathode-ray oscillograph to create X-rays which are capable of being photographed instantaneously and thus creating a permanent record of any electrical wave passed through the apparatus,

Thetabove mentioned features and other novel features will be more thoroughly understood by referring to the accompanying illustrative drawings and detailed description.

Figure 1 is a partially diagrammatic drawing of an oscillogra-ph constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a partially diagrammatic drawing showing a modification of this invention.

Figures 3 and 4 are illustrative drawings of the photographic record as produced by this invention and one of its modifications and Figure 5 isa partially diagrammatic drawing of a further modification of this invention. Referring more particularly to Fi re 1, there is shown an evacuated bulb 1 aving a cathode 2 and an anode 3 capable of creating a stream of cathode rays 4 which may be restricted to a narrow stream 5 by means of a shield 6 composed of anysubstance opaque to cathode-rays. It is necessary to impress a suitable current upon the said cathode and said anode before a cathode-ray stream is established between them. An

anti-cathode 7 is placed in the path of the cathode-rays 5 so as to create X-rays at the point of contact 8. A shield 9, composed of any substance capable of retarding X-rays, is placed in any position which is in the no path of the X-rays generated by the anticathode 7 The shield 9 is provided with a small opening 10 and inasmuch as X-rays travel in a straight line from their source a small stream of X-rays 11, will pass through the opening 10, and fall on a photographic film 12. Now if means 13 are provided for bending the cathode-ray stream 5,

' in proportion to any electrical wave which may be impressed upon said bending means 13, the point of contact 8 will vary in proportion to the undulations of said electrical wave; As this point of contact 8 is the source of the X-ray stream 11 passing through the opening 10in the shield 9, this stream of X-rays 11 will vary in accordance with said source and will travel across the film 12, all in proportion to the said electrical wave. If the film 12 travels by means of the rollers 1d at a constant speed and the X-ray stream 11 varies across the film 12 in proportion to the electrical wave which it is desired to be recorded, it will be readily seen that that portion of the film 12 which is exposed to the action of the X-rays will form a permanent record of the aforementioned electrical wave. It has been found in practice that a secondary shield 15 placed in front of the 12 and havinga hair line opening 16 for the X-ray stream 11 to pass through will greatly increase the clearness and reduce any penumbra of the image obtained on the film 12. The secondary shield 15 must of course be made from some substance which will retard X-rays.

Fi ure 2 shows this invention in a modified orm. In this form the anti-cathode 7 is cylindrical instead of fiat as in Figure 1 and instead of theshield 9 as shown in the previous figure, a small granula 17 of lead or other suitable substance is interposed in the path of the' X-rays so as to shield a small portion of the film 12 as it travels behind the shield 15, thus leaving a small portion of the film 12 unexposed. Another means for bending the cathode ray 5 is employed in this modification, magnetic means 18 being used instead of electrostatic plates 13 as shown in Figure 1. This is done merely to show that various different 4 forms may be used without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Figure 3 shows a portion of the film 12 passing behind the shield 15. The wave shown is purely diagrammatical. In this case the film appears as it would if produced by the form shown in Figure, 1. If the film produced by the form shown in- Figure 2 were to be shown, it would be merely a photographic negative of the film illustrated in this figure.

l Fi re is 'a portion of the film 25 and the s ield 29 as produced 4 by the modifica- I tion of this inventlon shown in Figure 5.

' Figure 5 shows a modification of this invention whichmakes it possible to simultaneously record two different electrical waves II upon the same film for the purpose of comparison. .This feature is used for instance windings of an audio fre in comparing the primary and .4 secondary uencytransformer. Sim lar numerals n thls I gure relate to $11111- lar details in Figures 1 and 2. In this modification of the invention, two cathodes 2, 2,

and two anodes 3, 3, are provided for the 15.

I rays 5, 5, with'separate means 13, 13,for

the points 20 and 21 thus creating two sepavarying said cathode-raystreams, each being independent of the other. =A double anti-- cathode 19 is provided, the cathode-ray streams '5, 5, striking the said anti-cathode at rate sources of X-rays which pass through the openings 22 and 23 in the shield 24 and act upon the photographic film 25 which must be large enoughto accommodate the two streams of X-ra 's 26 and27. .In order that the rays from t e two separate sources I may not impin e u on each others part of "the film, a shiel 28 1s necessary. It is found that a secondary'shield 29 having hair line slits 30 and 31 for the passage of the X-rays I aids in obtaining a clear image.

*1. An oscillograph It-is .not desired that'this invention, be limited'toany particular form shown except as claimed. WhatLI' claim is:

comprising means for v generating X-rays, means for varying said lgnerating X-rays, means for, varyin Jays, and means for recording sai var1-. 'atIons, sa1d recordmg means being movable.

X-rays, and means for recording said vari- .at1ODS.'

' 2.. An oscillogra-ph comprising means for gnerating X-rays, means for varying said rays in proportion to any electrical wave which may be passed through said varying means, and means for recording said van-- ations i 3. A1'1 oseill'ograph comprising means fog sai 4; An oscillograph comprising means for. enerating X-rays,means for varyingsaid -rays, means for recording said'variations, and means for" shielding aportion of said X-rays from said recordmg means.

. 5. An oscillograph comprising means for .gnerating X-rays, means for 'varying'said rays, means for recordipg said variations, saidjrecordingmeans, being movable, and

1 means for shielding a'portion of said X-rays' from said recording means. I I I 6. An- ;oscillograph compnsmg means for ;-generating' X-rays, means for varying said X-rays, and photographic,.i nea s for records e e 7. An oscillograph' comprising means for generating X-rays, means for Varyingsaid X-rays, means for casting-a shadow in said X-rays, said shadow varying as said X-rays vary, and means for recording said variations of said shadow.

8. An oscillograph comprising means for generating X-rays, means for varyin said X-rays, a shield in the path of said )5- rays,v said shield having a small opening, a second.

shield having a hairline opening in hne with said variations .of said X-rays, and a photographic film adapted to travel behind I said second shield. purpose of creating two streams of cathode- 9. An oscillograph comprising means for generating X-rays, means for varying sa1d X-rays, meansfor casting a shadow in said X-rays, sa1d shadow varying as said X-rays' vary, a shield having a hair line opening extending in a line with the said variations of said shadow, and a photographic film impressed upon said varying means, and

means for instantaneously recording these variations of said cathode-rays permanently."

. 12. An oscillograph comprism means for generating cathode-rays, means or varying; said;- cathode-rays, and means for photo-'- graphing said variations instantaneously. 13. An o scillograph'comprisin means for generating cathode-rays, means or varyingsaid cathode-rays, an anti-cathode in the path of said cathode-rays forming a source of X-rays, said source varying as said cath-' ode-rays var and means for recording said gvariations 0 said It. rays. y

- 14;. An oscillogra compr sin means for generating cathode-rays, means. or varying lations of any electrical wave impressed upon said varying means, means for converting saidcathode-ra'ys into X-r'ays, said 'X-rays varying proportionatel' 'tosald-cathand means for recor g said vari-H ode-rays atio ns 0t said X-rays.

15-. oscillograph comprisin for.

said cathode-rays, means for converting,sai cathode-rays into 'X-rays, sa1d X-rays varying. pro ortionately to said cathode-rays? means or shielding all but a portion said X-rays, and means for-recording the variations of said. X-rays not shielded by said shield. I I

16. oscillograph comprising a tube containing a cathode and anode, means for said cathode-rays in p ti t h a generating'cathoderays, means or varyin '"z creating cathode-rays between 'said cathode and anode, means for bending said cathoderays, an anti-cathode in the path of said cathode-rays, means for c any X-rays generated by the ombardment of said cathode-rays against said anti-cathand anode, means for bending said cathoderays, an anti-cathode in the path of said cathode-rays forming a source of X-r'ays that vary as the cathode-rays vary, and means for producing a photographic record of such variations.

converting said cathode-rays to X-r'ays, said a shadow in X-rays varying proportionately to the variations of said cathode-rays, and means for recording the said variations of said X- rays. I

19. An oscillograph com rising an evacuated tube containing a cat ode and anode,

. an anti-cathode, means for bending cathoderays between said anti-cathode and said cathode, a shield having a small openin placed in the path of any X-rays whic might be created at said anti-cathode, a second shield having a hair lineopeningysaid opening being in a line with any variations which might accrue in any X-rays created at said anti-cathode'passing through the said small opening in the first mentioned shield, and a photographic means movably mounted behind said second shield.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

HENRY MERLE WDiJLJiAMSON. 

